Officially, there are tens of thousands of castles in Ireland. To help you narrow down which ones to explore on your next trip to the Emerald Isle, we’ve curated a list of the 23 best castles to visit in 2023! From Carrickfergus to Blarney, these castles are sure to give you a unique glimpse into Ireland's rich medieval history. With so many magnificent castles to explore, you'll be sure to find the perfect one for your very own medieval Irish adventure!
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1. Blarney Castle (Cork)
Dating back to before 1200, Blarney Castle has a rich history that will transport you back in time. Although there's no evidence remaining of the timber house that was believed to have been built on the site, the stone fortification that replaced it around 1210 still stands today, albeit as a partial ruin. Blarney Castle has seen its fair share of conflict and sieges, including during the Irish Confederate Wars and the Williamite War in Ireland. But today, tourists can visit the castle and even hang upside-down over a sheer drop to kiss the Blarney Stone, which is said to give the gift of eloquence. There are numerous versions of the origin of the stone, including a claim that it was the Lia Fáil, upon which Irish kings were crowned.
The castle's grounds are also a must-see, with extensive gardens and paths that tour the grounds, as well as various attractions, such as a poison garden with numerous poisonous plants. And if you're interested in architecture, be sure to visit Blarney House, which was built in 1874 and overlooks the nearby lake.
You might also be interested in our guide to 5 Unmissable Historical Sites Near Blarney if you're planning a trip to the area.
2. Cahir Castle (Tipperary)
If you're planning a trip to Ireland in 2023, you won't want to miss Cahir Castle. This impressive fortress is one of the largest castles in the country and has a fascinating history that spans centuries. Built in 1142 by Conchobar Ua Briain, King of Thomond, the castle is now well-preserved and offers guided tours and audio-visual shows in multiple languages. It was constructed on and near an earlier native fortification known as a cathair, which gave its name to the place. The castle's core structure dates back to the 13th century when it was built by the O'Brien family.
It was constructed in two parts, with the side now facing the street being built 200 years before the side that now houses the audio-visual show. In the late 14th century, the castle was granted to the powerful Butler family, who enlarged and remodelled it between the 15th and 17th centuries. Cahir Castle has seen its fair share of battles throughout history, including being captured in 1599 after a three-day siege by the army of the Earl of Essex.
The castle was also besieged twice during the Irish Confederate Wars. In the late 18th century, the castle fell into ruin, but it was partially restored in the 1840s, with the Great Hall being partly rebuilt. Nowadays, the castle is managed by the Office of Public Works and has been named a National Monument. Not only is Cahir Castle a must-visit destination for history buffs, but it's also been used as a location for numerous films and television series. So, whether you're a fan of medieval history or just looking to take some stunning photos, make sure to add Cahir Castle to your Ireland itinerary in 2023.
3. Malahide Castle (Dublin)
If you're looking for a perfect mix of history and nature, Malahide Castle in Dublin is a must-visit attraction for your trip to Ireland in 2023. This 12th-century castle was home to the Talbot family for an impressive 791 years and is now open for public tours, operated by Shannon Heritage. Admire the impressive Oak Room and the Great Hall, which showcases the Talbot family history. If you're planning a special event or celebration, you can rent the castle for private banquets, adding a touch of royal elegance to your occasion. But Malahide Castle is not just about history.
The castle's demesne boasts the Talbot Botanic Gardens, covering several hectares of plants, lawns, and glasshouses. The gardens are home to a vast collection of plants from the southern hemisphere, showcasing the 7th Lord Talbot de Malahide's passion for plant collecting. Sports lovers will also enjoy the castle's sports grounds, which include a cricket pitch, several football pitches, tennis courts, and more.
The kids will love the extensive playground near the castle, and you can take a seasonal road train from the castle to the railway station, which adds a fun twist to your adventure. Make sure to add Malahide Castle to your itinerary to experience the perfect blend of history and nature.
While you're in the Capital, take a look at our guide to 10 Unique Historical Sites in Dublin for a broader picture of the variety of heritage sites in and around the city.
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4. Rock of Cashel (Tipperary)
The Rock of Cashel is known by many names including Cashel of the Kings and St. Patrick's Rock. According to local legends, it originated in the Devil's Bit when St. Patrick banished Satan from a cave, resulting in the Rock landing in Cashel. It was the traditional seat of the kings of Munster for several hundred years before the Norman invasion. The Rock of Cashel features many fascinating structures to explore, including the oldest and tallest round tower, Cormac's Chapel, and the Cathedral, built between 1235 and 1270.
However, the Rock of Cashel has also seen tragedy. During the Irish Confederate Wars in 1647, it was sacked by English Parliamentarian troops under Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin. The Irish Confederate troops and Catholic clergy were massacred, and many religious artifacts were destroyed. In 1749, the main cathedral roof was removed by the Anglican Archbishop of Cashel. Despite its troubled past, the Rock of Cashel remains a popular tourist destination.
The entire plateau where the buildings and graveyard lie is walled, and visitors can explore the extensive graveyard that includes a number of high crosses. While Scully's Cross, one of the largest and most famous high crosses, was destroyed in 1976 when lightning struck a metal rod, there is still much to see at the Rock of Cashel. Visitors can immerse themselves in Irish history and culture and experience the beauty and fascination of this historic site.
5. Ross Castle (Kerry)
Ross Castle, a 15th-century tower house, is a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts in Ireland. Built by the O'Donoghue clan and later passed into the hands of the MacCarthy Mór family, the castle boasts an interesting history spanning several centuries. The Browne family leased the castle from the MacCarthy Mór family until they were exiled for supporting King James II of England. After that, Ross Castle served as a military barracks until the early 19th century.
The castle's design includes defensive features typical of Irish chieftain strongholds from the Middle Ages. The square tower is surrounded by a square bawn with round corner towers on each end, and the front entrance is secured by an iron grill or 'yett.' Visitors can also see the small anteroom with a 'murder-hole' above and vertical thin slits in the lower level windows.
Ross Castle's top floor was used for entertaining and dining, while the fourth floor served as the sleeping and living space for the chieftain and his family. The castle also features two machicolations for defense purposes. One is over the front door, and the other is on the back wall, allowing defenders to drop stones or boiling oil on attackers.
Operated by the Office of Public Works, Ross Castle is open to the public seasonally, and a visit will take you back in time to medieval Ireland. Discover the secrets of Irish chieftains and marvel at the castle's unique features, including its well-preserved defensive mechanisms. Don't miss this opportunity to immerse yourself in Irish history and culture!
While you're in Kerry, or at least while you're planning your trip to 'The Kingdom' you might find our guide to 7 Awe Inspiring Historical Sites on The Dingle Peninsula quite handy!
6. Kilkenny Castle (Kilkenny)
Kilkenny Castle is a stunning medieval castle that has stood since 1195. Originally built to control a fording-point of the River Nore and several routeways, the castle was owned by the Butlers of Ormonde, a powerful family who arrived in Ireland during the Norman invasion. It served as the capital of Confederate Ireland in the 17th century and was later remodelled as a 'modern' château. Although it eventually fell into disrepair, significant restoration and maintenance work has been undertaken, and the castle and grounds are now open to the public.
Explore the castle's rich history by taking a guided tour of the castle's interiors or wandering the gardens and parkland that are perfect for picnics or leisurely strolls. Excavations and building surveys in the 1990s revealed traces of an earlier castle, a postern gate, and a section of the castle ditch facing onto the Parade. Don't miss the Butler Gallery, which is now located in the redeveloped Evans' Home. The castle is operated by the Office of Public Works, and with its fascinating history and stunning views, it's a must-visit destination for anyone planning a trip to Ireland in 2023.
7. Dublin Castle (Dublin)
Dublin Castle is a must-see for anyone interested in Irish history. Originally built as a fortification in 1204, it has served as the seat of government for over 700 years, including during the Anglo-Irish War and the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty in 1921. The Castle has a rich history, and even played host to the torture and killing of three Irish Republican Army members during Bloody Sunday. Despite its past, the Castle has been transformed over time from a medieval fortress to a Georgian palace.
Today, visitors can explore the State Apartments, which are home to a museum filled with historic materials. But that's not all there is to see at Dublin Castle – the complex is also home to the Garda Museum, the Chester Beatty Library, and the Irish Revenue Commissioners. It's even the location where each President of Ireland is inaugurated. With its fascinating history and important role in Ireland's past and present, a visit to Dublin Castle is a must while you are in the Capital City.
8. Dunluce Castle (Antrim)
Located in County Antrim, this now-ruined medieval castle offers a fascinating glimpse into Ireland's rich history. The castle was first built in the 13th century by Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster, and later became the seat of the Clan MacDonnell. While exploring the castle, you can still see the earliest features of the castle: two large drum towers on the eastern side.
The MacDonnell family later improved the castle in the Scottish style, even swearing allegiance to Queen Elizabeth I. In 1588, a galleass from the Spanish Armada, the Girona, was wrecked nearby, and its cannons were installed in the gatehouses to restore the castle. Dunluce Castle served as the seat of the Earl of Antrim until the MacDonnells became impoverished in 1690, following the Battle of the Boyne. While the castle has deteriorated over time and parts were scavenged for nearby buildings, it's still a sight to behold.
Adjacent to the castle is the 'lost town of Dunluce,' built around 1608 by Randall MacDonnell, the first Earl of Antrim. It may have contained the most revolutionary housing in Europe when it was built, including indoor toilets, and a complex street network based on a grid system. In 2011, major archaeological excavations found significant remains of the town, which was razed to the ground in the Irish uprising of 1641. With 95% of the town still to be discovered, a visit to Dunluce Castle offers an unforgettable experience for history buffs and curious travelers alike.
9. Trim Castle (Meath)
If you're planning a trip to Ireland in 2023, don't miss out on the chance to visit the largest Cambro-Norman castle in the country: Trim Castle. Covering an area of 30,000 m2, this impressive castle was built by Hugh de Lacy and his son Walter over a period of 30 years as the caput of the Lordship of Meath. Located on raised ground overlooking a fording point on the River Boyne, it served as the center of administration for Meath in medieval times.
Trim Castle played a significant role in Irish history, from being attacked and burnt by forces of the Gaelic High King of Ireland to being refortified during the Irish Confederate Wars in the 1640s. It also saw ownership change hands many times, from the Mortimer family to the Wellesley family, and ultimately to the Dunsany Plunketts before being sold to the Irish Government in 1993.
With its unique cruciform-shaped keep, twenty corners, and curtain walls of three different phases, the architecture of Trim Castle is impressive. The castle interior was partially the subject of archaeological digs, and the Office of Public Works completed a major conservation and restoration programme in the 2000s, making it possible for visitors to explore this piece of Irish history today.
Visitors can access the castle and grounds for a fee and take guided tours of the castle keep. So, if you want to experience the beauty and history of Ireland, make sure you add Trim Castle to your itinerary for 2023!
10. Dunguaire Castle (Galway)
This medieval castle, named after the Dun (fort) of King Guaire, is rich in history and legend. The tower and defensive wall have been restored, and visitors can explore the castle's grounds during the summer months. For a truly unique experience, book a banquet from April to October and enjoy a four-course meal with entertainment. Dunguaire Castle has even been featured in Hollywood movies, including Guns in the Heather and North Sea Hijack. Legend has it that King Guaire and St. Colman of Kilmacduagh once traveled along the 'Road of the Dishes' (Bothar na Mias), adding to the castle's mystique.
For more heritage sites in Galway, read our selection of 10 Unmissable Historical Sites Near Galway
11. Belfast Castle (Antrim)
Belfast Castle is a Victorian-style mansion located in Cave Hill Country Park in Belfast, Northern Ireland, and is a popular destination for tourists visiting Ireland in 2023. While there have been different structures called Belfast Castle over the centuries, the current castle was built between 1867 and 1870 using pink Scrabo sandstone from County Down and Giffnock sandstone dressings from Renfrewshire. The original castle was probably built by the Normans to guard the River Lagan, but the new castle was built on the slopes of Cave Hill.
Belfast Castle has undergone many changes, but it has remained a popular venue for weddings, afternoon teas, and other events. The castle grounds also include housing estates, an open-air theatre, clay pigeon shooting, archery, tennis courts, bowling greens, squash courts, and mini-golf, making it an ideal destination for a day trip with family or friends. Whether you're interested in history, architecture, or just want to enjoy the beautiful surroundings, a visit to Belfast Castle should be on your must-see list for your trip to Ireland in 2023.
12. Doe Castle (Donegal)
Doe Castle, located in Creeslough, is a fortified structure that was built in the early 15th century and was the stronghold of Clan tSuibhne. The castle consists of high outer walls around an interior bawn with a four-storey tower-house/keep and sits on a small peninsula, surrounded on three sides by water. The castle changed hands repeatedly during the 17th-century struggle for control of Ireland between the English and the Irish. In 1932, the castle was acquired by the Office of Public Works and declared a national monument.
The towerhouse underwent a major restoration in the 1990s, and guided tours of the towerhouse are available during the summer months. The castle grounds are open daily, and it is an ideal destination for history enthusiasts or anyone who wants to experience the surroundings of a centuries-old castle.
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13. Enniscorthy Castle (Wexford)
Looking for a unique glimpse into Ireland's rich history? Look no further than Enniscorthy Castle. Built in the late 1190s, the castle has witnessed centuries of power struggles, rebellions, and even served as a private residence to the Roche family until 1951. Today, the castle houses the Wexford County Museum, where visitors can explore the castle's fascinating history and development.
Exhibitions range from dedicated Roche family and Colm Toibin's Brooklyn exhibits to showcases on the pioneering modernist designer Eileen Gray and the Industrial and Commercial Heritage of Enniscorthy.
Be sure to check out the memorial plaque commemorating the first flight across the Irish Sea by Denys Corbett-Wilson within the castle grounds. With its four corner towers and a four-storey rectangular keep, Enniscorthy Castle's style echoes other local castles such as Ferns Castle and Carlow Castle, making it a must-see stop on any historical tour of Ireland.
As it so happens, Enniscorthy Castle is just a short 15 minute drive from the Irish National Heritage Park, which features in our guide to Ireland's Top 15 Historical Sites.
14. Clifden Castle (Galway)
Are you looking for a picturesque castle ruin to explore on your trip to Ireland in 2023? Look no further than Clifden Castle! Built in 1818 by local landowner John D'Arcy, this Gothic Revival style manor house fell into disrepair in the late 1800s and became a ruin.
While it changed hands several times over the years, it ultimately ended up in the possession of a group of tenants who jointly owned it. It wasn't until 1920, after a lengthy legal battle and arbitration by Sinn Féin, that the land was sold to the Clifden Cooperative. The castle features a unique rounded tower, square tower, and an entry tower with two round turrets, as well as a large gateway constructed in 1815 in the medieval style.
Today, visitors can explore the castle ruins and the estate's enclosed farmyard, walled garden, children's graveyard, and the remains of a "marine temple" made of sea shells. Don't miss your chance to step back in time and experience the rich history of Clifden Castle!
15. Cloughoughter Castle (Cavan)
If you're planning a trip to Ireland in 2023, you might want to consider visiting Cloughoughter Castle. This impressive ruin is situated on a small island in the middle of Lough Oughter, surrounded by deep water, and is approximately one mile from the nearest shore.
Built in the 13th century on the site of an older fortification, Cloughoughter Castle was owned by the O'Rourkes before the O'Reilly clan took possession of it in 1233. After the Plantation of Ulster in 1610, it was granted to Captain Hugh Culme, but was later seized by Philip O'Reilly during the Irish Rebellion of 1641 and held until 1653. The castle was left in ruins after it was besieged by Commonwealth forces in 1653, but despite its ruined state, it remains a beautiful and evocative sight in a wild and wooded area.
The castle's circular structure, massive walls, embrasures, and coved windows have been the subject of numerous artworks in the 18th and 19th centuries. Conservation efforts were started on the castle in 1987, and it is now protected under the National Monuments Act. If you're looking for a unique and historic destination in Ireland, Cloughoughter Castle is definitely worth a visit.
16. McDermott’s Castle (Roscommon)
This picturesque castle is located on Castle Island, a small island in the beautiful Lough Key. The castle dates back to the 16th century, but much of its current structure, including its crenellations, was added in the 19th century by architect John Nash.
For centuries, the castle was owned by the McDermott family, who ruled Moylurg. However, in 1586, they lost ownership of the island. In the early 19th century, the castle was in ruins and was later redeveloped by John Nash as a summer house. Sadly, the summer house burned down in the mid-20th century.
Recently, the island and castle have been the focus of archaeological excavations. These excavations have revealed artifacts dating back to the early medieval era, making McDermott's Castle an important site for those interested in Irish history.
Don't miss the chance to visit this enchanting castle and island. With its rich history and beautiful setting, McDermott's Castle is a must-see destination for any traveler visiting Ireland.
17. Kinbane Castle (Antrim)
Kinbane Castle is a definite must-see castle for those journeying the northern shores of Ireland. Built in 1547 by Colla MacDonnell, the castle has a rich history that spans centuries of ownership by several clans, including the MacAlisters, who traded properties with the MacDonnells. Although the castle is now largely ruined due to English sieges in the 1550s, it remains a beautiful and fascinating sight on a promontory of limestone.
Surrounded by stunning views of Rathlin Island and Dunagregor Iron Age fort, the castle's hollow is known as Lag na Sassenach, where a fierce battle took place between English soldiers and the MacDonnell clan during the 16th century. The area surrounding Kinbane Castle is a Scheduled Historic Monument, ensuring its preservation for future generations. Don't miss the opportunity to explore this historic gem and soak up the breathtaking scenery. Plan your visit to Kinbane Castle today!
18. King John’s Castle (Limerick)
If you're planning a trip to Ireland in 2023, make sure to add King John's Castle to your list of must-visit castles. This historic fortress, located in the heart of Limerick City, is a prime example of medieval architecture and has played a significant role in Ireland's history. Built in the 13th century, King John's Castle has been the site of countless battles and sieges, and has survived through centuries of turmoil and change. Today, visitors can explore the castle's towers, walls, and courtyards, and learn about its fascinating past through interactive exhibits and displays.
From the Great Hall to the medieval siege experience, there's something for everyone at King John's Castle. And with stunning views of the River Shannon and the surrounding countryside, it's easy to see why this castle is a favorite among tourists and locals alike. With its impressive architecture, fascinating exhibits, and breathtaking views, this castle is sure to be a highlight of your trip.
19. Leap Castle (Offaly)
Leap Castle is a medieval castle located in County Offaly, Ireland. The exact date of its construction is disputed, with some sources suggesting the 13th century, while others point to the late 15th century. The castle was built on the site of an ancient stone structure that has been occupied since at least the Iron Age.
The castle has a tumultuous history, including battles, family feuds, and a gruesome murder in the "Bloody Chapel" during a family mass. The castle was unsuccessfully seized by the Earl of Kildare in 1513, and he partially demolished it three years later. The O'Carrolls regained possession by 1557. In 1659, the castle passed into the ownership of the Darby family through marriage, and the central keep was expanded.
In the 20th century, the castle was burned down during the Irish Civil War but was later restored by Australian historian Peter Bartlett, who owned it until his death in 1989. Since 1991, the castle has been privately owned by musician Sean Ryan and his wife Anne, who continue to restore it. Visitors to Leap Castle can explore its history and architecture while enjoying stunning views of the surrounding countryside.
The castle has been the subject of ghost stories due to séances held by Mildred Darby, wife of one of the Darby family members who owned the castle. Mildred claimed to have encountered the spirits of past residents, including a malevolent entity known as the Elemental. Despite the ghost stories, visitors can appreciate the beauty and history of Leap Castle, including the Bloody Chapel, the Darby Chapel, and the great hall, which features a restored fireplace and a medieval-style chandelier. The castle also boasts a dungeon, a murder hole, and a secret passageway.
20. Macroom Castle (Cork)
Macroom Castle is a castle with a long and tumultuous history that has been besieged, burned, and rebuilt. Today, only a gatehouse on the town square and a ruin near the bridge over the River Sullane remain.
The castle was built in King John's time and belonged to the O'Flynns before being owned by the MacCarthys of Muskerry from about 1353. It changed hands repeatedly during the Irish wars between the English and the Irish, and during the Williamite War in Ireland, it was confiscated and sold by auction in 1703. In 1924, the castle demesne was sold to a group of local businessmen, to be held in trust for the people of the town.
Visitors to Macroom Castle can explore the gatehouse, which is an imposing medieval-romantic theatrical folly consisting of an arched passage surmounted by a guard chamber and flanked by two round turrets, as well as the castle ruin, which comprises an old tower and the remains of the castle's west-wing.
21. Carrigaphooca Castle (Cork)
Looking for a castle that boasts a rich and dramatic history? Look no further than Carrigaphooca Castle! This ruined rectangular tower house was constructed in the early 15th century and served as a defensive tower for the MacCarthys of Muskerry. With its strategic location on the route between Macroom and County Kerry, the tower was frequently attacked, especially during the McCarthy family's internecine warfare. During the Siege of Kinsale in 1601, Cormac Teige McCarthy, the Lord of Blarney, took refuge in the tower. However, the castle was eventually taken by Donal Cam O'Sullivan Beare and another member of the extended McCarthy family in 1602.
While Carrigaphooca Castle is no longer accessible to the public, its impressive design and features can still be appreciated. The tower has five storeys and is positioned on a steep, high, jagged rock, which made it difficult for attackers to approach. The castle's ground floor chamber is lit by small off-center windows and is flanked by a straight mural stone stairs leading to the first floor. From the second to the fourth floor, the stairs become spiral, with a total of 54 steps. Despite its lack of a fireplace, Carrigaphooca Castle is an impressive example of medieval defensive architecture and a must-see for history buffs.
That's two Cork castles in a row! The county is a treasure trove of hidden gems and 'off the beaten track' historical sites. Be sure to look beyond the castles!
22. Parke’s Castle (Leitrim)
Parke's Castle, also known as Newtown Castle, was built in the 17th century on the site of a fifteenth-century O'Rourke tower house. After the Parke family died out in the late 1670s, the manor house fell into disuse and quickly became a ruin, remaining uninhabited for over 300 years. The building was acquired by the Office of Public Works in 1935 and restored between 1980 and 1988, becoming open to the public on a seasonal basis since 1990. The castle's history is linked with the O'Rourke family, who were the rulers of West Breifne in the 16th century.
During his rebellion against the Crown, Sir Brian O'Rourke damaged or 'slighted' Newtown Castle in 1581 to make it unusable by the English. The castle was rebuilt by the Parke family in the 17th century. Visitors can explore the restored castle, which features a banquet hall, a family room, and a courtyard with many stone work buildings and a covered well.
23. Granuaile’s Castle (Mayo)
Are you looking for a unique historical site to explore on your trip to Ireland in 2023? Look no further than Granuaile's Castle, also known as the Pirate Queen's Castle! This tower house was built in the 16th century by the Ó Máille (O'Malley) clan, and it served as a stronghold for the legendary Gráinne Ní Mháille, also known as the Pirate Queen. This remarkable site is one of three of her fortresses, with the other two being Rockfleet Castle and Carrickkildavnet Castle. While the castle was converted into a police barracks in the 1820s, some of its original features remain, including two bartizans with purple slate flashing and the main living room, which provides access to the bartizans and the garderobe.
Visitors can explore the castle and learn about its fascinating history, including Gráinne Ní Mháille's daring exploits and the castle's use as a police barracks. The castle also boasts stunning views of the surrounding countryside and coastline. Whether you're a history buff, a lover of legends, or just looking for a unique experience, Granuaile's Castle is a must-see destination on your Irish adventure in 2023.
So there you have it! Ireland is home to some of the most impressive historical sites in the world, and these 23 medieval castles are just a few that are well worth a visit. Whether you're interested in history, architecture, or just stunning scenery, these castles are sure to provide an amazing backdrop to what will be an unforgettable experience in Ireland in 2023! To make the most of your trip to Ireland, be sure to download the FREE Vestego app for iOS to discover and learn about ancient historical sites all over the country. Click the image below to download the app today and start planning!